Categories of Manipulation inThe University of Arizona
All animals to be used under a specific protocol must be justified and catalogued by Manipulation Category. This information is essential for review and animal ordering.
CATEGORIES OF MANIPULATION:
- [A] Live animals will receive non-painful manipulations; are held for observation as needed in herds for agricultural research; experience no treatments, manipulations, etc. but are humanely killed to obtain tissues, cells, etc.; or receive special diets which do not result in appreciable clinical signs of pain or distress. Dead Animals or parts of animals will be obtained for study.
- [B] Live animals will receive painful or stressful stimulus of SHORT duration without anesthesia, which results in a short-term response. Examples include but are not limited to: injections, field trapping/tagging, polyclonal antibody production, behavioral studies, short-term pain/stimulus tests as used in analgesic evaluation, tattooing, blood sampling, tail-tipping for genotyping, and standard agricultural husbandry practices (i.e. dehorning, branding, castration).
- [C] Live animals will have significant manipulations, surgery, etc., performed while anesthetized. The animals will be killed humanely at the termination of the procedure without regaining consciousness.
- [D] Live animals will have manipulations performed while anesthetized and are allowed to recover and/or animals will develop discernable clinical signs indicating pain, distress, or significant physiological changes spontaneously or as a result of specific experimental procedures. Examples include, but are not limited to: Survival surgical procedures of any type, studies which would include tumor development (including Ascites), dietary studies resulting in discernable clinical signs of pain or distress, mother/infant separation, prolonged restraint of conscious animals for purposes other than routine clinical procedures, studies utilizing hazardous materials in live animals (Carcinogenic Agents, Radioactive Agents, Infectious Agents, Toxic Chemicals, etc.), restrictions of food/water intake for more than 12 hours, severe climatic stress, drug addiction, etc. PALLIATIVE TREATMENT MUST BE DESCRIBED AND WILL BE PROVIDED AS NEEDED OR REQUIRED BY THE IACUC.
- [E] Live animals will experience significant/severe pain or distress, examples as in [D] above, or the use of paralytic drugs, WITHOUT BENEFIT OF ANESTHETICS, TRANQUILIZERS, OR ANALGESICS. Significant scientific justification is required for using this Manipulation Category and criteria for moribundity and euthanasia must be provided.